Locale
A set of cultural and linguistic
preferences, usually defined in terms of geographic and political boundaries.
A locale identifier might be, for instance mt_MT meaning:
Maltese in Malta, or de_CH meaning German in Switzerland. (These are given
just as an example, on some systems locale identifiers are simply numerical
codes). Examples of data chosen by locale are: How to spell names of
languages and countries, how the date and time are printed, and the unit of
currency.
Localization
This is the process of making a computer
system or a program sensitive to the specific preferences of a given
locale.